Analysis Of Rene Descartes s The Second Meditation

During the Second Meditation, Rene Descartes begins to reevaluate everything he once thought to be true, due to our unreliable senses. He supports this statement by arguing that our senses often deceive us, that there is a separation between the mind and body and that reasoning should be the method of discovery. We typically use our senses to describe what an object is made up of. For example, if we are investigating a table, with our senses, we can tell by our vision that the table is there. We can touch the table with our hands to get an idea of what the table feels like. Descartes evaluates this logic more, only he does not use a table, he uses a piece of wax. From there, he identifies exactly what wax is with each sense. He comes to a conclusion that the wax is cold and hard, it smells like flowers, it looks yellow, it makes a rapping sound and tastes of honey. After melting the wax and rechecking all of its physical characteristics, Descartes realizes that everything about the wax has changed. The wax was now hot and wet, it has a faint smell, and it is a clear color and makes a splashing sound. Although the characteristics of the wax changed after it was melted, there was no doubt that this was still the very same piece of wax as before it was melted, despite the chemical change. This led Descartes to believe that our senses can deceive us. There are circumstances, like the wax, where what we think we know to be true is actually false. The purpose of this experimentShow MoreRelatedThe Dream Inside Of A Dream By Christopher Nolan1683 Words   |  7 PagesFinal Paper: Descartes The possibility of having a dream inside of a dream is an idea that has been discussed far and wide. However, before Inception came out in 2010 by director Christopher Nolan, many people in the modern world may not have ever considered this idea. Nonetheless, this idea of â€Å"a dream inside a dream† has been around since 1640, when Rene Descartes published Meditations. In Inception, Christopher Nolan uses Descartes ideas to enhance the storyline of his film. In this paperRead MoreProposed Seven Philosophers On The Existence Of God And Their Development Of These Ideas1413 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosophers are as follows: (1) Socrates, (2) Plato, (3) Aristotle, (4) Francis Bacon, (5) St. Augustine, (6) Thomas Aquinas, and (7) Rene DesCartes. The specific three I want to focus on being; St. Augustine, Thomas Aquinas and Rene Descartes. Lastly, I will proceed to relate their ideas on the existence of God and their development of these ideas. St. Augustine s epistemology is rationalization. In his argument for the existence of God, he is referring to varying degrees of perfection otherwiseRead MoreA Brief Biography of Rene Descartes1580 Words   |  6 Pagesworks of philosopher Rene Descartes, who had endorsed the mechanistic conception of the world and the human body by coining notions such as mind, substance, and the knowledge argument; although his notions were not always accepted, he managed to provide valid support. Born in France, Rene Descartes, dubbed The Father of Modern Philosophy was, in a way, a Renaissance man having contributed influence amongst subjects such science, mathematics, psychology, and philosophy. Descartes was the medium ofRead MoreEssay on Descartes Failure4852 Words   |  20 PagesDescartes Failure In his Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes strives first and foremost to provide an infallibly justified foundation for the empirical sciences, and second to prove the existence of God. I will focus on the first and second meditations in my attempt to show that, in his skepticism of the sources of knowledge, he fails to follow the rules he has set out in the Discourse on Method. First I claim that Descartes fails to draw the distinction between pure sensation andRead MoreLanguage and the Destiny of Man12402 Words   |  50 PagesÅžtefan Afloroaei / Descartes and the â€Å"metaphysical dualism† Descartes and the â€Å"metaphysical dualism†: Excesses in interpreting a classic* Al.I. Cuza University of Iasi Abstract The article focuses on one of the most serious accusations brought against Descartes and modern philosophy, namely â€Å"the dualism of substance†. The accusers claim that the human body and soul were viewed as completely separate; consequently, their relationship as such and the united being of man become incomprehensible. AsRead MoreEssay on The Philosophy of Cognitive Science2158 Words   |  9 Pagesphilosophical tradition and several solutions have been proposed. Such solutions are properly philosophical or require a scientific approach. First, I will expound the philosophical solution to the MBP proposed by Descartes, to be followed by an exposition of Ryles criticisms to the solution. Second, from Ryles criticism, I will deduce a scientific solution to the MBP related to the neural framework model of mind in cognitive science by means of what I call the principle of the embodiment of the mindRead MoreSociology and Suicide3277 Words   |  14 Pagesidentify t he social nature of suicide. This was facilitated through the availability of suicide-rate statistical data collated from a variety of societies located within European countries. From this quantitative research, now termed ‘multivariate analysis’, he devised three conclusions. Within single societies the incidence or rate of suicide remains constant over time, the suicide rate varies between societies and that the suicide rate varies between different groups within the same society. HoweverRead MoreCompilation of Mathematicians and Their Contributions11615 Words   |  47 PagesNationality: French Contributions: * Mersenne primes. * Introduced several innovating concepts that can be considered as the basis of modern reflecting telescopes: 1. Instead of using an eyepiece, Mersenne introduced the revolutionary idea of a second mirror that would reflect the light coming from the first mirror. This allows one to focus the image behind the primary mirror in which a hole is drilled at the centre to unblock the rays. 2. Mersenne invented the afocal telescope and the beamRead More Capitalism, Marketing, and the Insidious and Covert Co-optation of the Self6482 Words   |  26 Pageschoices of images for the avatars inhabiting cyberspace, in order to understand the dangers of the exchange of self-images for advertisements. To forge a set of alternative resistant and forceful conditions for imaging what Sherry Turkle has termed the second self, tactics based in imaging, language, and psychology can be opposed to the insidious and covert co-optation of the self by commodities. This essay is an attempt to examine the construction of alternative figures as models of resistance. The ManifestoRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesOxford University Press, 1974. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-226-52130-3 (pbk.) 1. Motion pictures—Semiotics. 2. Motion pictures— Philosophy. I. Title. PN1995.M4513 1991 791.43 014—dc20 90-46965 C1P The French edition of Christian Metz s Essais sur la signification au cinema, volume 1, was published by Editions Klincksieck in 1971,  © Editions Klincksieck, 1968. ÃŽËœThe paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence

Media And Its Effect On Society - 1866 Words

Introduction Media is where people today get most of their information. Children learn most of their gender rules through the television they watch. Media is a reflection of the society we live in. Advertising is a form of media. Since advertising is meant to appeal to society, it is a direct reflection of society. People of Color in Advertising The collage that accompanies this paper contains advertisements, articles, and pictures of gender being performed by women and men, and also contains advertisements that are targeted toward those of the male and female genders. These images were collected from several magazines as well as from the internet. Although multiple different sources were found to collect all of these images, and even though many of them perform gender or target gender in many different ways, there is one thing that remains consistent throughout advertising: there is a distinct lack of people of color. This was not done intentionally, but the images still came out with mostly white people. One could argue that of course the majority of the representation in advertising in America should be mostly white, since the population in the United States is prominently caucasian. Despite this, there is still not equivalent representing in advertising, at advertising on the internet and in magazines, to the people of c olor in America. In a society that is predominantly run by white people, the lack of advertising and representation toward people of color is notShow MoreRelatedMedia And Its Effects On Society976 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society if one were to walk down a populated sidewalk, it would seem merely impossible to spot a sole not twiddling away on their phone. With an entire world unfolding at their fingertips, we witness a society that has become addicted to media. Used as a powerful source of knowledge and entertainment, media plays an enormous role in the development of human life and gender distinction. Through the use of media, guidelines consisting of generated ideas and ways of living, affect both menRead MoreThe Media And Its Effect On The Society957 Words   |  4 Pageshis loyalty (Vaughn, 2013). The media emphasizes that the rising intensity of the rivalry is the main factor that is resulting in the increase of gang activities, but the lack of questioning by t he media on the possible causal factors that lead to the crime limits the understanding of the motives. The media misplaces confidence in the judgments of the SPD, by only questioning for details of the specific shooting and not the factors that may have caused it. The media simply accepting the SPD s claimRead MoreMedia And Its Effects On Society1709 Words   |  7 PagesViolence is much more socially acceptable in today’s society than it was hundreds of years ago, which is mostly caused by technological advances. As technology expanded, so did our generation’s tendency for violence. With all the breakthroughs in social interaction using technology, the media has become a large contributor to society. Coinciding with the first amendment to free speech, the media is a very valuable and powerful tool in spreading information when used for important purposes. HoweverRead MoreMedia And Its Effects On Society1236 Words   |  5 Pageswithout the average American engaging in some form of technology laced with advertisements, whether it be a minute long video prefacing a Yout ube video or a thirty second long Pandora audio commercial. A common theme emerges throughout these forms of media, the subordination of women. TV shows, video games, movies, and songs frequently portray women as objects, dehumanizing them by showing them as being subservient to men, or showing them as adhering to stereotypical behavior. On one hand, some argueRead MoreThe Media And Its Effect On Society1211 Words   |  5 PagesThe media plays a huge role in molding the public mind. The public has a collective thought process of the world and the media is always there to shape up that perception of the world. The Running Man takes place in a dystopian future where the masses are fully controlled by the Government and people are oblivious to their surroundings like a herd of sheep, steered any way the Network desires. The media is the largest outlet for propaganda and there are no competitors to the Network for they haveRead MoreMedia and Its Effects on Society1437 Words   |  6 PagesMedia and its Effects on Society Media plays a crucial role in our life nowadays. It serves as a bridge that connects people to the world, leading to a global exchange of information and knowledge. Media also offers platform for people to voice their thoughts on political and social issues, providing room for different perspectives. Unquestionably, media affects our life in nearly every ways. With a turn of a magazine page, a tune on a radio, or a flip of a TV channel, media somewhat plays a partRead MoreThe Media And Its Effect On Society1622 Words   |  7 Pageslife, or in people society, such as politicians or well-known actresses. Though they re still icons of our day, many people in our technological and media influenced days look toward television, film, books and other forms of arts. However, representation is not always fair nor is it proper when it comes to certain groups of human society. Many people who struggle with discrimination in their daily life, struggle with finding proper and real representatio n in our mainstream media. Minority representationRead MoreThe Media And Its Effect On Society1812 Words   |  8 Pagesthe use of technology has increased, and expanded. Mass media plays a vital role in society. Mass media can be defined as any means of communication, to an extremely large group of people. Technological advancements have been extremely beneficial for prior generations, the generation we now live in, and will be for the future generations to come. Such as, providing news for the world to hear, entertainment, and much more. Some examples of media would be television, films, newspapers, and the InternetRead MoreEffects Of The Media On Society2469 Words   |  10 PagesChapter 3: Effects of the Media Though war contributed to changes in society, the media was the driving factor behind changes including the fixation with beauty among women. Magazines had the ability to perpetuate the already emerging ideals. 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Minimum Wage in California Research Paper Free Essays

Minimum wage is the minimum hourly, daily or monthly wage that must be paid to employees or workers. Each country sets its own minimum wage laws and regulations, and more than 90 percent of all countries have some kind of minimum wage legislation. In the United States, statutory minimum wages were first introduced nationally in 1938 (Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia). We will write a custom essay sample on Minimum Wage in California Research Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now The minimum wage was enacted in 1938 as part of the Fair Labor Standards Act. The first minimum wage was .25 an hour. This has increased over the years and the current federal minimum wage is $5.15 an hour (Minimum Wage from http://jobsearch.about.com/od/minimumwage/a/minimumwage.htm) California minimum wages is based on their law to be implemented and imposed for the employer to follow for the protection of both the employee and the employer. Body of the Paper The California State Senate and Assembly have approved legislation that would give 1.4 million minimum-wage earners a $1-an-hour raise and boost annual pay to keep up with inflation. The Federal Minimum Wage Labor Law for California stated that employees under 20 years of age may be paid $4.25 per hour during their first 90 consecutive calendar days of employment with an employer. Certain full-time students, student learners, apprentices, and workers with disabilities may be paid less than the minimum wage under special certificates issued by the Department of Labor. California law is strict and pitiless to employers who have improperly paid the workers less than $6.75 per hour. Not only that an employers entitled to pay the unpaid minimum wage pay, but also the interest and penalties as well. But, the right to collect unpaid minimum wage pay does not last forever. In fact, if u delays in claiming the unpaid wages, you risk of losing unpaid minimum wage for work occurring more than three years prior to your filing of a lawsuit. Although there are some exceptions, because almost all employees in California must be paid the minimum wage as required by state law. Effective January 1, 2002, the minimum wage in California is $6.75 per hour. There are some employees who are exempt from the minimum wage law, such as outside salespersons, individuals who are the parent, spouse, or child of the employer, and apprentices regularly indentured under the State Division of Apprenticeship Standards. (Minimum Wage Order, MW-2001). California Wage Law has an exception for learners, regardless of age, who may be paid not less than 85 percent of the minimum wage rounded to the nearest nickel during their first 160 hours of employment in occupations in which they have no previous similar or related experience. There are also exceptions for employees who are mentally or physically disabled, or both, and for nonprofit organizations such as sheltered workshops or rehabilitation facilities that employ disabled workers. Such individuals and organizations may be issued a special license by the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement authorizing employment at a wage less than the legal minimum wage (Minimum Wage Labor Code Sections 1191 and 1191.5). Minimum wage legislation may be interpreted as making it either unlawful for employers to pay workers less than the minimum wage, or unlawful for workers to provide labor or services for less than the minimum. White trade unions lobbied for the introduction of minimum wage laws to exclude black workers from the labor market. This minimum wage law prevents black workers from selling their labor for less than white workers, the black workers were prevented from competing for jobs held by whites although it is the employer who is fined and/or imprisoned for violations, and the workers also loses their freedom to do what they want for themselves. The minimum wage offers substantial benefits to low-wage workers without negative effect. The best recent research shown that the job loss reported in earlier analyses does not; occur when the minimum wage is increased. If the minimum wage were increased nationally to $7.25: almost 14.9 million workers would receive a raise, and 80 percent of those affected are adults age 20 or over, and 7.3 million children would see their parent’s income rise that can make the family’s income stable. Families with affected workers rely on those workers for over half of their earnings.46 percent of all families with affected workers rely solely on the earnings from those workers. Some minimum wage workers remain in low-wage jobs for substantial periods. The best recent research on the economic impact of the minimum wage shows positive effects without job loss. Even the research that suggests a negative labor market effect shows only a minimal impact that is more than offset by the higher wage levels. The states that have adopted higher-than-federal minimum wages have seen low-wage workers incomes rise with no negative side-effects. Over 650 economists, including five Nobel Prize winners and six past presidents of the American Economics Association, recently signed a statement stating that federal and state minimum wage increases â€Å"can significantly improve the lives of low-income workers and their families, without the adverse effects that critics have claimed† (EPI 2006). Conclusion Starting   January 1, 2002, the minimum wage in California is $6.75 per hour it is strictly imposed and implemented by Law to be follow by all the businesses both public and private sectors. In this Minimum Wage law there is the difference between the state and federal minimum wage? It stated that most employers in California are subject to both the federal and state minimum wage laws. The effect of this dual coverage is that when there are conflicting requirements in the laws, the employer must follow the strict standard; the one that is the most beneficial to the employee. Since California’s current law requires a higher minimum wage rate than does the federal law, all employers in California who are subject to both laws must pay the state minimum wage rate unless their employees are exempt under California law. The minimum wage is an obligation of the employer and cannot be waived by any agreement, including collective bargaining. And in this law any remedial legislation written for The protection of employees may not be violated by agreement between the employer and employee (Minimum Wage, Civil Code Sections 1668 and 3513). California law of minimum wage stated that there is no distinction made between adults and minors when it comes to payment. And an employer may not use employee’s tips as a credit towards its obligation to pay the minimum wages If the employer doesn’t pay the employee it is also stated in the law that an employee can file a lawsuit in court against the employer to recover the lost wages and it is the duty of the court to order the employer to pay the attorney’s fees, and if your not working for this employer, you can make a claim for the waiting time penalty pursuant to Minimum Wage Labor Code section Today, the earnings of a full-time minimum wage worker with a family of three would earn $10,712 a year, thus falling below the official 2006 federal poverty level of $16,600. Although the federal poverty line is an inadequate measure of the income needed to support a family, this comparison highlights the severe insufficiency of the current minimum wage (Fisher 1999). Finally, the earnings of minimum wage workers are essential to their families’ total income. While not all minimum wage workers are poor or are the sole breadwinner for their families, it is striking how important low-wage workers’ income is to their economic well-being. On average, families with affected workers rely on those workers for over half (59%) of the  Families’ total earnings. Nearly half (46%) of all families with an affected worker rely solely on the earnings of those workers. References: Laws of Minimum Wage in California, Retrieved November 18, 2006 from http://www.mcmillanlaw.us/California_Overtime_Law/California_minimum_wage.htm Minimum Wage, Retrieved November 18, 2006 from http://jobsearch.about.com/od/minimumwage/a/minimumwage.htm Minimum Wage, Retrieved November 18 from Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia Minimum Wage in California, Retrieved November 18, 2006 from http://www.dol.gov/esa/minwage/america.htm ; How to cite Minimum Wage in California Research Paper, Essays

Relative Merits Of Loan Capital Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: What Are The Relative Merits Of Loan Capital Over Share Capital? Answer: The influence to borrow is of immense magnitude to the company, and business borrowingbenefit from some unique individuality. Loan capital and share capital are two types of borrowing currency for a corporation. Kinds of borrowing by credit funds are debentures, credit of corporate assets and belongings, unsecured loans, overdrafts and bills of exchange. The share capital characterizes how much the business is valued (Cummings and Durrani 2016). Share capital is that division of the companys assets that is made obtainable by the members who have subscribed for carve up in the company, which in fact is usually worth less than the companys total property and should be distinguished from loan capital. An example can facilitate the problem or the topic to show how loan capital is headed the share capital. In this case, Black Books plc is bearing in mind methods of raising or protecting loan capital. There are certain advantages for raising loan capital rather than share capital. First, loan capital permits them to maintain the tenure of their assets and at the same time assists them in reaching monetary help as well they own so the land, which is mortgage (Rsch and Scheule 2016). Loan capital unlike share capital, does not split ownership so Black Books plc has the entire ownership. The debenture holder is very muchmore of an outcast. In addition, there is no necessary for anyone to vend or leave his property in order to dump some money. An important point is that interest payments on the mortgage are free from taxes. Repayments should be predefined and should allow them to plan their financial plan. Moreover, lender will check the presentation of commerce but will have no control over the business. In addition, once loan resources are repaid, it will benefit to earn profit. On the other hand, investor will still anticipate a share of income. Lastly, debenture holder has to disc harge the possession once loan repaid (Chen and Zhang 2017). On the other hand, there some disadvantages of raising loan capital. Firstly, repayments have to be made separately from of making earnings or not. On the other hand, shareholder will not obtain dividends until commerce makes a profit. Interest to be paid, will influence profit. In addition, the corporation will not be able to sell the land to third party until loan is repaid. The risk of them ending up or losing their assets increases significantly. Finally, catalog security charge. An issue of debenture document which implies to recognize a credit bargain between a company and a creditor. A debenture holder is entitled to obtain recompense of the sums due to him, whether they are major or interest; the set holder irrespective of whether or not the debtor company is in profit (Podder and Haque 2016). When a company wishes to hoist finance, especially long-term finance, it will almost unsurprisingly be obliged to give safety for the amount it wishes to borrow. An action by a secured creditor to understand a security attention will normally be impracticable until the debtor company fall short to meet its compulsions under the terms of the debenture agreement. Nonetheless, where a business borrows capital by way of an overdraft provision, the overdraft may be expressed to be repayable on requirements. Reference: Chen, Z. and Zhang, R.Q., 2017. Capital flow constrained lot sizing problem with loss of goodwill and loan.arXiv preprint arXiv:1708.08098. Cummings, J.R. and Durrani, K.J., 2016. Effect of the Basel Accord capital requirements on the loan-loss provisioning practices of Australian banks.Journal of Banking Finance,67, pp.23-36. Podder, J. and Haque, T.H., 2016. The Impact of Capital Buffers on Future Loan Growth, Interest Income and Tier 1 Capital Ratios. Rsch, D. and Scheule, H., 2016. The role of loan portfolio losses and bank capital for Asian financial system resilience.Pacific-Basin Finance Journal,40, pp.289-305.